Endocrine Abstracts

BackgroundGraves’ Disease (GD) is characterized by production of stimulating autoantibodies to thyrotropin receptor resulting in hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is associated with insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and ketosis. Our aim was to evaluate if single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in pro-inflammatory cytokines contributes to dysglycemia in GD.MethodsWe evaluated 98 patients with Graves’ di...

Introduction: Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (US-FNAC), the gold standard method to distinguish benign from malignant thyroid nodules, is the most accurate, cost-effective and minimal invasive preoperative test, aiming to resolve patient management. However, up to 30% of US-FNACs are classified as indeterminate nodules, making difficult to avoid unnecessary surgeries. Molecular tests may contribute to refine the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules....

Introduction: Several studies recommend the use of molecular tests for a complete diagnosis of malignancy in thyroid carcinomas (TC). The study and identification of molecular markers in thyroid will contribute to a personalized and effective treatment of the patients. The development of TC has been associated with the activation of oncogenes that are implicated in the cell signaling pathway, interfering in cancer promotion and outcome. Moreover, the repertoire of microRNAs (m...

Introduction: Graves Disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease, in which CD4+ Th2 cells secrete interleucin-4 (IL-4) and IL-5 and activate antibody production. IL-4 has been considered a therapeutic target for treatment of immune-related diseases, by enhancing and redirecting T and B cell function. Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody, inhibits IL-4 and IL-13 and is currently used for treatment of atopic dermatitis, nasal polyposis and asthma. There is a single case report of painless...

Introduction: Autoimmunity is an important etiological factor of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI, menopause <40 years). It has been estimated that 4-50 % of POI cases are of autoimmune origin. Only a few studies, with sample sizes of dozens to hundreds POI cases, have investigated the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in women with POI. We aimed to assess in an essentially larger data set the prevalence of severe autoimmune diseases treated in tertiary care prior to P...

Introduction: POEMS syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder characterized by polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal plasma-proliferative disorder and skin changes. Different endocrinopathies are found in 58-80% of patients, however, its pathophysiology remains unknown. Hypogonadism (primary and secondary) is the most common endocrinopathy (79% of patients), with other abnormalities including hyperprolactinemia (56%), primary hypothyroidism (54%), abnormal glu...

Introduction: Giant prolactinomas (diameter >4 cm) account for less than 5% of all prolactinomas and are usually associated with markedly elevated prolactin (PRL) levels. Despite their benign nature, these tumors can be invasive, potentially leading to mass effect symptoms in affected patients.Case Report: We report a case of a 40-year-old male admitted to the emergency department with a one-week history of headaches, right palpebral edema, and ptosi...

Background: Acromegaly is a rare disorder associated with excessive levels of growth hormone(GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1). GH/IGF-1 excess leads to morphologic craniofacial and acral changes as well as cardiometabolic complications, but the phenotypic changes and presentation differ across species.Aim: To present the resemblances and distinctive features of acromegaly in humans, cats and dogs.Methods: A literature re...

Introduction: Thyroid storm, a life-threatening manifestation of hyperthyroidism, presents a complex clinical challenge that demands swift and precise intervention. The heart is one of the most important target organs affected by the thyrotoxic state. Thyrotoxicosis may lead to sinus tachycardia, hypertension, tachycardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation and heart failure.Case Presentation: A 46-year-old female presented to the emergency department with symp...

Introduction: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a rare but underestimated cause of hypertension. PA has been associated with increased risk of malignancy through mechanisms involving up-regulation of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) promoting an enzymatic cascade influencing carcinogenesis. Recently, Microwave Ablation (MWA) has been established as an effective and safe minimal invasive treatment for Conn’s Disease.Aim: The authors present four clinic...